The VaMEx (Valles Marineris Explorer) project, led by the German Space Agency at DLR, is trying to design autonomous robots capable of exploring this challenging region.
It was by observing the sandfish skink (Scincus scincus), a lizard capable of swimming under the sand to hunt or flee, that researchers at the University of Würzburg had an idea. This animal moves through the sand by undulating, creating longitudinal and lateral forces. Marco Schmidt's team designed wheels imitating this movement, leaving sinusoidal tracks in the sand, resembling the reptile's trails.
Tests conducted in collaboration with DLR and the University of Bremen showed good stability on sand. However, improvements are needed, especially for mixed terrains. The researchers note that the technique is promising but still improvable, as Marco Schmidt confides.
The team plans to refine the design to improve performance on different soil types. Control strategies taking sliding and sinking into account are also being studied. The goal is to make the rover more stable and adaptable in granular environments, to cross vast Martian dune fields.
Science fiction fans have an uneasy relationship with the idea of robots that move easily in sand, thanks to the terrifying ideas of Philip K. Dick, who described such bots in his 1953 story Second Variety:
Across the ground something small and metallic came, flashing in the dull sunlight of midday. A metal sphere, it raced up the hill after the Russian, its treads flying. It was small, one of the baby ones. Its claws were out, two razor projections spinning in a blur of white steel. The Russian heard it. He turned instantly, firing... already a second had emerged and was following the first...
A third sphere leaped up the Russian's leg, clicking and whirring. It jumped to the shoulder. The spinning blades disappeared into the Russian's throat.
(Read more about Philip K. Dick's claws (screamers))
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